本文共 2785 字，大约阅读时间需要 9 分钟。

forword_list是C++11新增的一个顺序容器，它是支持从容器的任何位置快速插入和移动元素的容器。不支持快速随机访问。它实现为单链表，且实质上与其在C中实现相比无任何开销。与std::list相比，此容器在不需要 双向迭代时提供更有效地利用空间的存储。下面我们来学习它的 基本用法，首先来看它的创建，初始化，赋值，元素访问front，内容接换swap，判空empty等操作

代码实现：

#include 
   
    #include 
    
     using namespace std;void createForword_listInit(){    //1.创建空forword_list    forward_list
     
       list1;    cout << "list1.isEmpty = " << list1.empty() << endl;    //2.创建list2有2个元素，值为随机值    forward_list
      
        list2(2);    cout << "list2.isEmpty = " << list2.empty() << endl;    cout << "list2的值为：" << endl;    for(auto &val: list2)    {        cout << val << "\t";    }    cout << endl;    //3.创建list3有3个元素，分别为21， 22， 23    forward_list
       
         list3 = {21, 22, 23};    cout << "list3.isEmpty = " << list3.empty() << endl;    cout << "list3的值为：" << endl;    for(auto &val: list3)    {        cout << val << "\t";    }    cout << endl;    //4.创建list4,用list3赋值    forward_list
        
          list4 = list3; //forward_list
         
           list4(list3);//这两种方法都可以 cout << "list4.isEmpty = " << list4.empty() << endl; cout << "list4的值为：" << endl; for(auto &val: list4) { cout << val << "\t"; } cout << endl; //5.创建list5用assign进行赋值 forward_list
          
            list5; list5.assign({24, 25, 26, 27}); cout << "list5的值为：" << endl; for(auto &val: list5) { cout << val << "\t"; } cout << endl; //6.创建list6用list4进行初始化 forward_list
           
             list6(list4.begin(), list4.end()); cout << "list6的值为：" << endl; for(auto &val: list6) { cout << val << "\t"; } cout << endl; //7.创建list7用assign设定容器大小和初始值 forward_list
            
              list7; list7.assign(5, 18);//list7有5个元素，每个元素为18 cout << "list7的值为：" << endl; for(auto &val: list7) { cout << val << "\t"; } cout << endl; //8.访问forward_list forward_list
             
               list8; list8.assign({28, 28}); cout << "list8.front = " << list7.front() << endl; cout << "list8的值为：" << endl; for(auto &val: list8) { cout << val << "\t"; } cout << endl; //9.swap交换两个forward_list auto it1 = list6.begin(); auto it2 = list8.begin(); int &ref1 = list6.front(); int &ref2 = list8.front(); cout << "*it1 = " << *it1 << " *it2 = " << *it2 << " ref1 = " << ref1 << " ref2 = " << ref2 << endl; cout << "swap after======" << endl; list6.swap(list8); cout << "list6的值为：" << endl; for(int c: list6) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; cout << "list8的值为：" << endl; for(int c: list8) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; cout << "*it1 = " << *it1 << " *it2 = " << *it2 << " ref1 = " << ref1 << " ref2 = " << ref2 << endl; cout << endl;}int main(){ createForword_listInit(); cout << endl; cout << "Hello World!" << endl; return 0;}
             
            
           
          
         
        
       
      
     
    
   

运行结果：

注意，交换后迭代器与引用保持与原来的元素关联，例如it1指向的元素还是21，ref1引用的元素还21。

参考：

转载地址：http://wbiub.baihongyu.com/